| GOVERNMENT AND CANDIDATE FACTORS |
| VOTING SYSTEM -> |
PLURALITY
|
PLURALITY WITH RUNOFF
|
APPROVAL
|
APPROVAL WITH RUNOFF
|
BORDA OR CONDORCET RANKING
|
INSTANT RUNOFF
|
INDEPENDENT VOTING
|
FREE CHOICES RATING
|
| CHARACTERISTIC |
| METHOD DESCRIBED: |
Vote for only 1 choice. |
Vote for only 1 choice.
If none > 50%, best 2 have plurality runoff. |
Vote for all choices liked. |
Vote for all choices liked.
If none > 50%, best 2 have plurality runoff. |
Rank from best to worst. Scoring systems used differ |
Rank from best to worst.
If all < 50%, lowest choice eliminated by rounds |
Vote on each choice:
YES, NO
(or abstain by not choosing) |
Rate each choice as integer:
from −-5 to +5.
from −10 to +10
from −50 to +50 |
| STATISTICAL BALLOT TYPE: |
Pie chart
 |
2 pie charts
 |
Column chart
 |
Column and pie
 |
Pie chart
 |
mult pie charts
 |
Difference chart
 |
Column chart
 |
| BALLOT INTERLOCK LIMITS CHOICES: |
YES |
YES |
NO |
Main: NO
Runoff: YES |
YES
(Choice ranks must differ) |
YES
(Choice ranks must differ) |
NO |
NO |
| BEST NUMBER OF BALLOT CHOICES: |
2 |
2 |
5 and up |
3 and up |
2 or 3 |
2 or 3 |
Any number |
Any number |
| PARTY PRIMARIES NEEDED? |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
NO |
NO |
| USE EXISTING VOTING MACHINES: |
YES |
YES |
Use at-large method |
YES |
NO |
With great difficulty |
Use ballot question method |
NO |
| CAN BE COUNTED AT THE PRECINCT: |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
NO |
NO |
YES |
YES |
| MANY CANDIDATES FAVOR SAME ISSUE: |
Vote split unfairly |
Vote split unfairly |
Vote raised unfairly |
Vote raised unfairly |
Vote split reduced |
Vote split reduced |
No effect on vote |
No effect on vote |
| NONWINNING CANDIDATE RUNS TO CHANGE RESULT: |
YES |
YES |
NO |
YES |
YES |
YES |
NO |
NO |
| ENTERING OR LEAVING CANDIDATE CHANGES RESULT: |
YES |
YES |
NO |
NO |
YES |
YES |
NO |
NO |
| NEGATIVE CAMPAIGN GETS VOTES FOR CAMPAIGNER: |
YES |
YES |
NO |
YES |
YES |
YES |
NO |
NO |
| EFFECT OF MINOR CANDIDATES RUN: |
Helps opposing major party |
Helps opposing major party |
Helps similar major party |
Helps similar major party |
Helps opposing major party |
Helps opposing major party |
No effect on outcome |
Lowers score of similar party |
| VOTER INTENT |
| VOTING SYSTEM -> |
PLURALITY
|
PLURALITY WITH RUNOFF
|
APPROVAL
|
APPROVAL WITH RUNOFF
|
BORDA OR CONDORCET RANKING
|
INSTANT RUNOFF
|
INDEPENDENT VOTING
|
FREE CHOICES RATING
|
| CHARACTERISTIC |
| DISENFRANCHISED VOTES: |
Votes for none or many choices |
Votes for none or many choices |
Votes for no choice |
Votes for no choice |
Equally likes 2 choices |
Votes for no choice or equally likes 2 choices |
None |
None |
| VOTES AGAINST ALL CHOICES: |
Disenfranchised |
Disenfranchised |
Disenfranchised |
Disenfranchised |
Disenfranchised as impossible |
Disenfranchised as impossible |
Counted |
Counted |
| VOTES FOR MANY CANDIDATES: |
Disenfranchised |
Disenfranchised |
Counted |
Main: counted
Runoff: thrown out |
Disenfranchised as impossible |
Disenfranchised as impossible |
Counted |
Counted |
| VOTER CAN PICK FAVORITE: |
Must vote to win instead |
Must vote to win instead |
NO |
Limited |
YES |
YES |
Limited |
YES |
| VOTING CAN HURT YOUR CAUSE: |
NO |
NO |
NO |
NO |
YES |
YES |
NO |
NO |
| POSSIBLE WANTS IN 3-WAY RACE: |
can do 4
can't do 23
of 27 total |
can do 4
can't do 23
of 27 total |
can do 8
can't do 19
of 27 total |
can do 16
can't do 92
of 108 total |
can do 6
can't do 21
of 27 total |
can do 6
can't do 21
of 27 total |
can do 27
can't do 0
of 27 total |
can do 1331
can't do 0
of 1331 total |
| VOTER INTENT PRESERVED: |
NO |
NO |
NO |
NO |
NO |
NO |
YES |
YES |
| VOTER'S CHOICE KEPT FROM BALLOT: |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
NO |
NO |
| BIAS FROM TYPES OF PEOPLE RUNNING: |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
YES |
Less |
Less |
| BIASES AND ATTRIBUTES |
| VOTING SYSTEM -> |
PLURALITY
|
PLURALITY WITH RUNOFF
|
APPROVAL
|
APPROVAL WITH RUNOFF
|
BORDA OR CONDORCET RANKING
|
INSTANT RUNOFF
|
INDEPENDENT VOTING
|
FREE CHOICES RATING
|
| CHARACTERISTIC |
| BIASED TOWARD: |
Two major parties
The most different choice
Extremists |
Two major parties
The most different choice
Extremists |
Similar choices
Voters for many choices
Centrists |
Minor parties
Centrists |
Similar choices
Voters for many choices
Centrist choices |
Similar choices
Voters for many choices
Centrist choices |
NO bias |
NO bias |
| BIASED AGAINST: |
Minor parties
Similar choices
Centrists |
Minor parties
Similar choices
Centrists |
Major parties
The most different choice
Extremists |
Large parties
The most different choice
Extremists |
Extremists
Defined platforms |
Extremists
Defined platforms |
NO bias |
NO bias |
| ADVANTAGES: |
Already in use. |
Already in use. |
More choice.
Won't split voter blocs. |
More choice.
Won't split voter blocs. |
More choice. |
More choice. |
More choice.
Voter control.
Won't split voter blocs.
Used by Congress.
No recounts.
No bias. |
More choice.
Voter control.
Won't split voter blocs.
No recounts.
No bias. |
| DISADVANTAGES: |
Can't vote NO.
Messes up with 3 or more choices. |
Can't vote NO.
Two trips to polls.
2 different setups. |
Can't vote NO.
Can't use some machines. |
Can't vote NO.
Two trips to polls.
2 different setups. |
Can't vote NO.
Can't tell voter like or dislike.
Needs numeric input.
Takes much longer in booth. |
Can't vote NO.
Can't tell voter like or dislike.
Needs numeric input.
Takes much longer in booth. |
Each choice needs 2 spaces on some machines. |
Needs numeric input.
Takes much longer in booth. |
| PROBABILITY OF CONTESTED ELECTION |
Average |
Average |
Above average |
Average |
Above average |
Above average |
Low |
High |
| COMMENTS |
Politicians and laymen actually think this is fair.
Suppresses "third" parties. |
Politicians and laymen actually think this is fair.
Suppresses "third" parties. |
Independents actually think this is fair.
Similar to at-large voting. |
Independents actually think this is fair. |
Moderates actually think this is fair. |
Moderates actually think this is fair. |
Used by US Congress for internal votes. |
Most flexible, but costly and complicated. |
| VOTING SYSTEM -> |
PLURALITY
|
PLURALITY WITH RUNOFF
|
APPROVAL
|
APPROVAL WITH RUNOFF
|
BORDA OR CONDORCET RANKING
|
INSTANT RUNOFF
|
INDEPENDENT VOTING
|
FREE CHOICES RATING
|